Middle Childhood - 1067 Words

Observation and Analysis: Ten Year Old Male In middle childhood, children continue to learn and build cognitive abilities as well as physical skills. During this stage, children go through growth spurts which include changes in height, weight, and increases strength and stamina. Many theorists developed many theoretical interpretations that will tie in the whole developmental status for middle childhood stage whether it is physical, biological, socio-emotional, or cognitive development. Sigmund Freud is one of the well-known theorist that identified the middle childhood as the â€Å"Latency stage† because the physical growth of a child at this stage is slow and at a steady pace. The subject of my middle childhood interview was Bryce, a†¦show more content†¦According to Freud’s psychoanalytical theory, a person’s life is based on experiences and is composed of sequential stages therefore, this theory is discontinuous. Nature played a big role and is the p rimary reason for development which is based on satisfaction and needs to oneself. Another theorist comes into play when it comes to nature. Erik Erikson is a psychosocial theorist. He bases his theory on nature but he also included nurture. In Erikson’s view, he would say that Bryce belongs to the Industry vs. Inferiority stage. This is Erikson’s fourth developmental stage â€Å"Children now need to direct their energy towards mastering knowledge and intellectual skills† (Santrock, 2011). COGNITIVE INTERPRETATION Jean Piaget is one of the important influences when it comes to cognitive theory development. According to him, Bryce belongs to the Concrete operational stage, approximately from seven to eleven years old. In this stage, â€Å"a child can now reason logically about concrete events and classify objects into different sets† (Santrock, 2011). In this case, when I asked Bryce why praying is important, he gave me logical answer by saying: â€Å"I go to a catholic school and my teachers taught me how to pray and give thanks to papa Jesus†. â€Å"The child can think logically about very concrete objects, situations, categories, and principles† (Coon and Mitterer, 2010). Lev Vygotsky like Piaget, is another cognitive theorist. According to him, children activelyShow MoreRelatedChildhood Development : Middle Childhood1269 Words   |  6 PagesMiddle Childhood Development The middle childhood is to leave the play years to start maturing years to start adolescence (Berk, 2010). During the middle childhood, children began to have a lot physical changes. As well as, they begin to discover there identify that they are. For example, secondary sexual organs begin to develop in the boys and girls, they will confuse about identify. The puberty is the cycle when children are out of control because they will transition to leave the children to enterRead More Middle Childhood Essay2486 Words   |  10 Pageslast person to be tagged is the next to become â€Å"it† in the next game. Freeze Tag age range, when children start playing and understanding the rules of freeze tag would be from age 5-8. B: Cognitive During the transaction from early childhood towards middle childhood, not only is there evidence of physical change but also mental change in children. In 1996 Janowsky Carper, and Sowell et al.,(2007), noted the increase of myelination in the frontal cortex, allowing further development of mental developmentRead MoreMiddle Childhood. Middle Childhood Is Where My Passion1009 Words   |  5 PagesMiddle Childhood Middle childhood is where my passion for students is. Middle childhood ranges from 6-11 years old kids. A brief description of what middle childhood is, â€Å"The school years are marked by improved athletic abilities; more logical thought processes; mastery of basic literacy skills; advances in self-understanding, morality, and friendship; and the beginnings of peer-group membership† (Berk, 2017, p. 6). I find this age group relevant to my future because I want to pursue a career inRead MoreChild Observation: Middle Childhood1388 Words   |  6 PagesCHILD DEVELOPMENT CHART: MIDDLE CHILDHOOD (7-11 years) Early Childhood Development YOUR CHILD DEVELOPMENT CHART: MIDDLE CHILDHOOD (7–11 YEARS) SECTION 1: MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS | |[pic] [pic] | |BIOSOCIAL |Brief Description of Example Read MoreMiddle Childhood Essay examples1205 Words   |  5 PagesMiddle childhood is defined a number of ways, but perhaps best defined as the ages 6 to 12 years of age or prepubescent to pubescence Middle childhood is a challenging time and a major challenge is social constructs, as this is the earliest time when children begin to move away from parental influences and establish more meaningful peer and other adult relationships. It signifies a new set of social contacts with adults and other children as well as a wider variety of settings than those that characterizeRead MorePsychosocial Development in Middle Childhood1046 Words   |  5 PagesChildren in middle childhood are growing psychosocially at a quick rate. During middle childhood they become industrious, develop a self-concept, and learn how to be friends, amongst other things. In Erickson’s Stages of Development a child in middle childhood, (or children from age six to age eleven), move through the industry versus inferiority stage. This stage is marked by the child working to gain new skills and in general just being productive (Click P. M., Parker J., 2002, p. 89). A childRead MoreMiddle Childhood Observation Essay681 Words   |  3 PagesFor my middle childhood observation I chose a 10 year old female by the name of Mycah Landry. Just to give you a bit of a background, Mycah attends a magnet school and makes straight A’s. She is a very smart young girl. We will start off by comparing Mycah’s physical development to that of Berger’s in the text. As documented in the text â€Å"Unlike infants or adolescents, school-age children’s growth is slow and steady. Self-care is easy –from brushing their new adult teeth to dressing themselves, fromRead More Middle Childhood Reflection Essay1989 Words   |  8 PagesMiddl e childhood Reflection My son BOB BOB is currently experiencing his middle childhood. He is smart, funny, competitive, full of energy, and independent. I have observed him trying out new things, He has become Mr. Social with peers and he appears to value their relationships. My wife recently got him a cell phone and his texts message his friends constantly, which speak to his enhanced fine motor skills. He also appears to take seriously his academic studies. He has participatedRead MoreMiddle Childhood Observation843 Words   |  4 PagesObservation of Middle Childhood Monica Thomas University of St. Thomas EDUC 5339: Human Growth and Development Dr. Tera Torres The following observation is of my own child. Isabel is seven years old and on this day she was playing with best friend at home. The other child is the same age, yet Isabel is quite taller and looks as if she is older. She wears glasses for her nearsightedness. Berger (2011) states is myopia – nearsightedness vision is the most common problem in middle childhood. TheRead MoreThe Effects of Nature and Nurture in Middle Childhood1215 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Effects of Nature and Nurture in Middle Childhood† Middle Childhood is the name given for the age division from 6 to 11 years of a child’s life. They are also known as the â€Å"school years.† During this time a child’s health, education, and emotional well being are all undergoing changes. Though not as drastic as the changes they will soon face in adolescence, they are steady, and the impact that nature and nurture will have on these aspects reach far and wide across the many developments

Causes and Effects of Adult Obesity Essay - 1945 Words

Introduction Although many individuals are uncertain about the increasing statistics associated with obesity, more than seventy percent of men and virtually sixty-two percent of women within the United States adult population are overweight or obese (Wilmore, Costill, Kenney). Obesity refers to the condition of having an excessive amount of body fat. If an individual’s amount of body fat becomes too excessive, he/she is at a much greater risk of developing life-altering diseases such as heart failure, hypertension, type II diabetes, cancer, gallbladder disease, osteoarthritis, etc. (Wilmore, et al., 2008). Heart failure is a condition in which the heart muscle becomes too weak to maintain an adequate cardiac output to meet the body’s†¦show more content†¦Overweight is often misinterpreted as obesity, but it has been proven that individuals such as bodybuilders and professional athletes can be overweight yet they do not suffer from obesity. Obesity refers to just excessive body fat whereas overweight refers to excessive body weight including water, bone, fat, and muscle. A certain amount of fat is needed to store energy, heat insulation, shock absorption, and other functions, but when men reach more than twenty-five percent body fat, and women reach more than thirty percent they are considered obese. A person’s body mass index (BMI) is measured by dividing body weight in kilograms by the square of body height in meters (Wilmore, et al., 2008). Individuals who suffer from obesity often experience various symptoms such as difficulty sleeping, sleep apnea, shortness of breath, gallstones, depression, and skin problems. Sleep apnea happens when an individual experiences irregular breathing patterns or even loss of breath during sleep. Gallstones are hard, pebble-like deposits that form inside the gallbladder. They appear in many different sizes and shapes. Some gallstones may be the size of a sand crystal whereas others may be the size of a golf ball. Depression simply refers to a feeling of overwhelming sadness and a sense of hopelessness. In addition to obesity leading to other health problems, obesity stems from numerous causes such as genetic, environmental, and sociological factors. OtherShow MoreRelatedChildhood Obesity : An Epidemic1036 Words   |  5 PagesRainsu Kumbhani All About Childhood Obesity Childhood obesity is an epidemic in U.S. In the year of 2012, about â€Å"one third of children and adolescents were overweight or obese.† Also, percentages of childhood obesity have increased by over ten percent in the last thirty years in children and adolescents (Childhood Obesity Facts 2015). These statistics are shocking, and many people are concerned for the health of their children. This medical condition, as defined by Mayo Clinic, leads to seriousRead MoreObesity Is Prevalent Between Children And Adolescents In1177 Words   |  5 PagesObesity is prevalent between children and adolescents in the United States. Obesity is the second leading cause of death after smoking in the US. It also causes cancer, and it is associated with unhealthy eating and less exercise or physical activity. The concerns of childhood and adolescent obesity include earlier puberty and menarche in girls, type 2 diabetes and increased rate of the metabolic disease in adolescence and adults. The refore, the rate of obesity has increased in the American childrenRead MoreChildhood Obesity : A Growing Problem Essay1047 Words   |  5 PagesChildhood Obesity. I intend to first plainly explain a clear definition of what Childhood Obesity is. Next I plan on explaining some possible reasons why children develop obesity. I also want to give clear consequences and life struggles that may be associated with a child who is obese. I also want to discuss long term effects of this disease on the individual as well as society. Finally, I would like to discuss some possible treatments associated with curing obesity in children as well as in adults. TheRead MoreEffects Of Obesity On Children Health1139 Words   |  5 PagesEffects of Obesity on Children Health Obesity is a serious medical and psychological condition that affects children, adult, and elderly people. According to WHO, People who are above the normal weight for their age and height are called obese. Childhood obesity has been problem in developed as well as in developing countries. As Cause, it is accepted that increase in obesity results from an imbalance between abnormal intake of unhealthy food and drink and also unable to burn calorie. There is increasingRead MoreObesity s Effect On Sex Essay1623 Words   |  7 PagesObesity s Effect On Sex Image retrieved from http://panarchy-sj.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/low-sex-drive-woman.jpg (Imaged retrieved from ) According to the CDC website the percentage of adults at the age of 20 with obesity in the United States is 37.% from the years 2013-2014 but the percentage of adults 20 years and older with overweight and obesity is a staggering 70.7% of the United States. In women obesity was rated higher with 38.3% than in men with a 34.3% of the population fromRead MoreObesity And Its Effects On Society1455 Words   |  6 PagesObesity has been around for a decade that affects millions of people of the nation of the United States every day. According to the textbook â€Å"Understanding Psychology†, obesity is body weight that is more than 20% above the average weight for a person of a particular height (Feldman, 2012, pg. 325). This health problem not only affects adults but also a lot of children. Obesity has increased over the past decade, particularly people that are facing obesity are using inadequately devise dietsRead MoreObesity And Its Effects On The Health Of Americans And People All Across The World1514 Words   |  7 Pages Obesity is a very serious threat to the health of Americans and people all across the world. A plethora of studies have been done to confirm the adverse effects of obesity on an individual s health. Obesity rates have been skyrocketing in the past 30 years. The year 2000 marked the first time in human history that the percentage of obesity in the human population rose over 50% (Obesity: A Cultural and Biocultural Perspective). Obesity, as well as childhood obesity, is more prevalent than everRead MoreChildhood Obesity : A Worldwide Health Issue921 Words   |  4 PagesChildhood Obesity Obesity is known to be a worldwide health issue, with the greatest concentrations of obese individuals in developed countries. In the past years it has been well documented that obesity has increased in both adults and children, and an increase is still expected. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) program defines obesity in adults as a BMI of 30 or greater. Children are considered obese when they are above 95% of the normal weight of children with the same age andRead MoreChildhood Obesity Leading to Adult Obesity and Health Problems1200 Words   |  5 PagesChildhood Obesity is becoming More Significant and leading to More Adult Obesity and Health Problems Introduction: Childhood obesity is an escalating issue in all over the world and particularly in the United States children and adults. This issue has received more attention in last thirty years as the number of flabby and obese children and adults has increased to double in the entire world. According to a report of Centers of Disease Control (2001), the number of obese children and adults hasRead MoreCauses And Effects Of Obesity In America870 Words   |  4 PagesThe Centers of Disease Control and Prevention defines obesity as having a BMI over 30 (CDC). In the year 2000, roughly 30 percent of 20 year olds in America were obese. By 2003 that number had risen to 32 percent. That is a small window of increase. From the 1970s to the early 2000s, the percent of obese Americans doubled. This means that in 1970, only 15 percent of Americans were obese, and in the thirty years following, obesity took a sharp rise. In 1960, 13 percent of Americans were obese. The

Changing Business Environment International Trade â€Free Samples

Question: Discuss about theChanging Business Environment for International Trade. Answer: Introduction: The proliferation of international trade can be traced back to ancient times when explorers set sail for discovery of new horizons and inaccessible parts of the earth were subject to the mavericks of business. International trade flourishes on the sole proposition of improving economic as well as cultural diversity (Adeleye et al., 2015). The interaction among different cultures facilitated by international trade is an indicator of substantiating a common course of action for bringing nations close to each other. Financial benefits are not the only benefits which international trade can provide. Intercultural exchanges are beneficial for organizations to apprehend the possible opportunities and setbacks in a different cultural background and implement the observed outcomes in the context of new international markets. Despite the multitude of benefits presented by international trade, the scope of economic and cultural diversity has created barriers for managers in the form of ethical issues. Addressing the business ethics for a short period of time is generally perceived as a contributor to the rise in costs for business (Botha, Kourie Snyman, 2014). Therefore, ethical standards fail to integrate with the short term objectives of an organization. On the contrary, long term objectives of the organization such as sustainability in an international market can be realized only through compliance with ethical standard. International business managers have to face many issues related to ethical practices in international trade such as corruption, employment practices, industry espionage, moral obligation and human rights (Bennett, 2014). These issues can be found in varying intensities in different market environments and hence each of the issues has to be addressed through an appropriate understanding of the source of the issues and the role of managers as well as employees in the development as well as remedy of the issue (Chapin, Sala Huber, 2013). This objective can be derived through illustration of literature related to ethical issues in international trade and present a critical reflection on the literature to obtain realistic measures for countering the selected issues. Major Ethical Issues in International Trade: Business ethics is a wide ranging concept which includes references to the different business situations, decisions and activities which can provide an insight into the validity of certain practices (Livingstone Bovill, 2013). The concept includes organization, society, state as well as individuals and is applicable for everyone. Furthermore, business ethics is concerned with the entities in an organizations business which cannot be included in the jurisdiction of law. The outcomes of globalization have resulted in intertwining of many legal considerations with respect to disparities in legal frameworks of host and home country. Therefore, business organizations opting for globalization had to opt for a standardized guideline of determining the validity of certain activities, decisions and policies implemented by an organization in foreign jurisdictions (Keppler, Olaru Marin, 2015). Ethical issues can be considered as the first hand resultants of the conflict between an organizatio ns social performances in an international business environment and its economic performance. The three major issues identified as formidable influences on the scope of international trade have been described below in order to draw a critical evaluation (Rajendran, 2015). Corruption: The first issue which business organizations face in international trade is corruption. Corruption in international trade is directly associated with bribes, indirect payments and superfluous endowments. For example, if an international organization has to pay a certain amount of bribe to a governmental clerk for approving the documents for employing local labor force, then it faces an ethical issue (Smith, 2014). Though the organization can perceive corruption as a passive contributor to the overall growth of the host society through improvisation of organizational efficiency, the activity itself is unethical. On the contrary, it has been observed that foreign business organizations in developing or underdeveloped countries assume corruption as an integral aspect of the business cycle. Corruption is implemented by such organizations as a necessity to stay ahead of competitors. The general guidelines for validating the possibility of corruption practices in an organization specify pr ecise indicators which show that an organization has adopted illicit measures for promoting trade and thereby the organization could be accountable for penalization (Silberberg Lmmel, 2014). The foremost indicator of corruption is the provision of monetary payments to political and public service authorities, political candidates, clerks or any political party in order to gain competitive advantage. Other indications towards corruption in international trade imply the provision of monetary incentives which are intended for illegal activities or inclusion in inappropriate funds. However, the necessity of corruption in certain business environments is realized through certain legislations which allow controlled payments to people in influential positions (Smith, 2014). The monetary payments made to clerks, political parties and candidates are meant to be limited within a specified range and the consistent monitoring of the payments is ensures so that corruption can be inhibited in in ternational trade (Shah, 2013). In some cases, the multinational corporations are liable to address the financial requirements of local officials and government authorities in order to satisfy the implications of local customs and the preservation of human rights. Industrial Espionage: Industrial espionage is another profound inclusion on the list of ethical issues prevalent in international trade. Multinational organizations prefer industrial espionage due to the minimal requirement of resources and ease of gathering information on business activities of competitors. Industrial espionage emerged as an unorthodox solution for international business managers to realize competitive advantage in a new market which is studded with formidable competition. The use of procedures which are not conclusively validated by the law for acquiring details of competitor activity accounts for industrial espionage (Taipale-Ervala, Heilmann Lampela, 2014). The ethical issue associated with industrial espionage is the unpermitted acquisition of confidential details pertaining to competitors which in turn can be accounted as stealing. The example of Procter Gambles industrial espionage incident throws adequate light on the intensity of the issue and its possible impacts on an organiz ation. The competition analysis team of PG utilized the services of external agencies to collect information related to production process of the competitor, Unilever (Shah, 2013). The activity was rebuked by the senior management of the company and the move was annulled immediately with disclosure of the issue in public by the General Manager of PG, John Pepper. The decision was also reflective of employment of an impartial auditor in order to ensure permissible collection of information. Therefore, it can be concluded that industrial espionage can appear to be providing a reasonable opportunity for business growth with the nascent implications of a maligned brand image in cases when the espionage activities are revealed (Taipale-Ervala, Heilmann Lampela, 2014). Human Rights: The conjunction of human rights and employment practices serve as the next prominent ethical issue in international trade. International trade is preceded by numerous considerations and planning for distribution and implementation of resources. Human resources are known as the foundation for an enterprise in a foreign market since an organization cannot move its workforce from home country to host country (Livingstone Bovill, 2013). The working environments, payment for employees, trade unions in host country and working hours for employees changes invariably for distinct international market environments for a specific organization. Even though the hostile workplace environments are preferred in a host country, an organization must assume it as an ethical issue of violation of employment laws. Multinational corporations also face to accommodate the scope of human rights diversely in their practices. General issues observed in human rights include limitation on free speech, movement , assembly and freedom (Rajendran, 2015). The source of human rights issues can be derived from the disparity in home and host country cultures which indicates that practices favored by an organization in its home market environment could be perceived as hostile by employees from the host nation. Therefore, managers associated with the domain of transnational business have to be fluent while apprehending the cultural background and individual necessities of employees in order to address the ethical issues well before their origin. Negligence for employment laws and human right are ethical issues which can create distinct setbacks for an organization in international trade as the sustainability of the organizations activities would be at risk due to the lower involvement of employees (Shah, 2013). Critical Reflection: The three ethical issues in industrial trade which have been illustrated above with references to literature show that ethical issues can vary in complexity and intended for the benefits of an organization to some extent. The outcomes of the unethical activities such as industrial espionage, corruption and human right and employment practice violation have also been found out to be excessively impactful on the reputation of the company as well as the costs to the organization (Smith, 2014). The effects of unethical activities can be illustrated in the form of a linear progression starting from the initiation of unethical practices in an organization. The violation of ethical principles requires the organization to invest resources in order to cover up the unethical practices. Thereafter, the organization loses its reputation in the market and subsequently valued clients and business partners (Livingstone Bovill, 2013). Addressing each of these issues through legally verified framewo rks would be minimally helpful as the necessity for introducing ethical practices has to be considered from the situational and organizational perspective. The definitions of ethical behavior in international trade have to be diversified according to the contexts of varying industries in order to obtain functional remedies to ethical dilemmas. Conclusion: The essay highlighted three major issues laid out for organizations involved in international trade. Organizations have to assume the wider concepts of ethical behavior and study the literature associated with ethical issues (Silberberg Lmmel, 2014). References to past cases of unethical behavior in multinational organizations could help in generating a comparative view and hence formulate convenient measures for addressing the issues. References Adeleye, I., White, L., Ibeh, K., Kinoti, A. (2015). The Changing Dynamics of International Business in Africa: Emerging Trends and Key Issues. InThe Changing Dynamics of International Business in Africa(pp. 1-12). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Botha, A., Kourie, D., Snyman, R. (2014).Coping with continuous change in the business environment: knowledge management and knowledge management technology. Elsevier. Bennett, W. L. (2014). Press-government relations in a changing media environment. InThe Oxford Handbook of Political Communication. Chapin, F. S., Sala, O. E., Huber-Sannwald, E. (Eds.). (2013).Global biodiversity in a changing environment: scenarios for the 21st century(Vol. 152). Springer Science Business Media. Livingstone, S., Bovill, M. (Eds.). (2013).Children and their changing media environment: A European comparative study. Routledge. Keppler, S. B., Olaru, M., Marin, G. (2015). Fostering Entrepreneurial Investment Decision in Medical Technology Ventures in a Changing Business Environment.Amfiteatru Economic,17(38), 390. Pittenger, L. M., Perelli, S., Somers, T. (2012, June). IT professionals: maximizing engagement in the rapidly changing business environment. InTechnology Management Conference (ITMC), 2012 IEEE International(pp. 248-256). IEEE. Rajendran, M. M. A. (2015). Changing Business Practices in Current Environment.Journal of Research in Business, Economics and Management,2(2), 87-88. Smith, S. S. (2014). The expanding role of CPAs in a changing business environment.The CPA Journal,84(6), 13. Silberberg, R., Lmmel, U. (2014). Structuring Project-Based Executive Education to Address the Opportunities of a Rapidly Changing Business Environment.Scientific and organising committee, 256. Shah, S. (2013). Human resource management in the changing business environment of the Indian construction industry: a case study.Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies,3(6), 1-17. Taipale-Ervala, K., Heilmann, P., Lampela, H. (2014). Survival competence in Russian SMEs in a changing business environment.Journal of East-West Business,20(1), 25-43.

The Influence of Hip Hop on Todays Youth free essay sample

The Influence of Hip Hop on Todays Youth After silence, that which comes nearest to expressing the Inexpressible is music. This profound statement from English writer, Aloud Huxley, demonstrates the importance that music obtains In todays society. Simply, music Is a form of expression, not limited to any specific genre. Although this expression is not limited to one genre, there is one that seemingly obtains the title of most controversial. The Rap/Hip-Hop genre has been harshly criticized for the topics of discussion in which any songs entail, and the various projected images. Everything has Its pros and cons; many people have lost sight of its purpose. Student of Dartmouth College, Rebecca Heeler states, Many people dont realize that hip-hop began by bringing communities and neighborhoods together on the streets of the South Bronx. Hip- Hop is not only a tool of personal expression, but it is also a tool of communal empowerment. We will write a custom essay sample on The Influence of Hip Hop on Todays Youth or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Iatric Rose, author of Black Noise, writes that it is a black cultural expression that prioritize black voices from the margins of urban America (2). Hip- Hop is a social movement. It is a way for the African-American community to identify, as the search for identification Is a struggle. HIP hop emerges from a complex cultural exchanges and larger social and political conditions of disillusionment and alienation (59). In todays society, the best method in connecting to the youth is the media outlet, through music or television.So how does Rap/Hip-Hop influence todays youth? It influences each individual differently; life is what you make of it. Hip Hop influences todays youth either positively or negatively; it creates a sense of awareness, cultural connection, and empowerment or creates a negative Image for admiration and enforces negative stereotypes. Altogether hip hop Is a powerful force, not to be taken lightly. In the words of Busts Rhymes, Hip-hop reflects the truth, and the problem is that hip-hop exposes a lot of the negative truth that society tries to conceal.Its a platform where we could offer information, but its also an escape. Much of hip hops negative connotations derive from its bold and daring nature of expression. Most artists of this genre are very blunt and arent afraid to speak their mind. Rap music and hip hop culture are cultural, political, and commercial forms, ND for many young people they are the primary cultural, sonic, and linguistic windows on the world (Rose 19). The discussion of controversial topics through a creative outlet encourages the youth to become politically and socially engaged.The majority of todays youth does not watch the news; this is a more appealing manner. An idol, role model, or favorite celebrity discussion of social and political issues sparks an Interest in the minds of the youth. For example, the activism from celebrates In the Adoration Martin case Increased awareness and Interest of the youth. Over 500,000 views. Hip hop has the audacity to speak on issues that others are afraid of. To speak to the second part of Busts Rhymes statement, hip hop is an escape for many.It is a way to temporarily leave a current state of endurance. Whether this endurance is school stress, home life, or whatever the case may be, music is an escape method. With hip hop, there is a sense of association, an item that humans thrive on. To know that another person is enduring a similar struggle is mind-easing. This allows a state of relaxation and ease. For youth, the harsh realities of life sometimes become overwhelming, and hip hop is an outlet or escape. Head phones in, tuning out the world. Today the sense of black pride and empowerment is scarce.Hip Hop is an attempt to revamp this movement. Hip hop is an attempt to keep the dream that previous African American leaders had. There was once a point in time when African Americans were not equal, and the world was truly against them; todays youth tends to forget this. In his book Black Identity: Rhetoric, Ideology, And Nineteenth-Century Black Nationalism, Dexter Gordon writes that, The erasure and exclusion of blacks from the public sphere presented Americas colored inhabitants with a difficult rhetorical challenge.Inscribed in both propellers discourse and in racist Americas symbols and practices as inhuman, nineteenth-century black rhetoric had to construct their constitution as human and deserving of treatment as such, with limited access to the available means of public communication (70). Now that the African-American race has full access to available means of public communication, it should be used to its fullest potential. Hip hop holds so much power; it is the voice of the people. This voice is the voice that the youth hears and listens to on a daily basis.Hip hop is the Malcolm X of today, the face of black power. Words have so much rower, put to music they are a force to not be reckoned with. At once white supremacy dominated the country; hip hop is a chance at black superiority. Blacks are the leaders of this genre and have a chance for their voice and opinions to be heard through an outlet that reaches everyone, particularly the youth. African- Americans have a history of signifying in literature, music is no different. All songs have a surface meaning, but hip hop is about the underlying message. It has a way of speaking to its audience that no other genre has.Hip hop is one of the most popular genres in the world, and its power is astonishing. To refer to the previous statement from Busts Rhymes, Hip Hop is not afraid to touch the subjects most are afraid to. It reveals many of the negative truths of society. In the article From Civil Rights to Hip Hop: Toward a Nexus of Ideas, author Derrick Already writes, that Since its emergence in the late asses, SSP Hip Hop has explored such themes as police brutality toward African Americans, black incarceration, the need for lack leadership, black nationalism, black love, and African American solidarity (233).These themes are less explored today, but Hip Hop is a way of expressing feelings towards them. Tuba is perhaps the most influential rapper. Although is no longer alive, his music remains influential to this day. Songs like Changes and Keep Yea Head Up are truly inspirational and speak to many of these themes. In Changes he said, l see no changes. All I see is racist faces. This one better place, speaking to the racial issues in America. In Keep Yea Head Up he spoke to themes of mens responsibility and black love by stating, l wonder why we take from our women.Why we rape our women, do we hate our women? I think its time to kill for our women. Time to heal our women, be real to our women. Tuba dared to say what no one else would. Another example of Hip Hop speaking to these various themes is Public Enemys song, Fear of a Black Planet. They spoke to theme of Black Nationalism by stating, Excuse us for the news. You might not be amused. But did you know white comes from Black. No need to be confused. These are very strong words that speak to the youth, influencing their perception of reality. Bringing issues to the youths attention encourages action.The youth is the future; they must be active and involved. Gordon also writes, Their physical chains contorted black iodides, and their white supremacist discourse squelched the black voice and projected black invisibility. A public black challenge would emerge (Gordon 71). Hip hop is the black challenge. It is an end to this notion of black invisibility, as it reaches millions of people, globally. The African-American race has a history of struggle and oppression, but has regained its voice through music. White supremacist can no longer squelch the black voice or project black invisibility because hip hop is everywhere.It is in the car, home, grocery store, and movie theatre. It is on the side-walk, street, magazine cover, and television. It touches every aspect of life in the average human, especially the youth. It is not only a way for the youth to support this revolution of black power, but is also an outlet for participation. Young artists are taking over hip-hop, for instance, Doggy Simmons, Ill Twist, Mindless Behavior, Eke Palmer, and many others. Hip hop allows the voice of the youth to be heard by either themselves or others in their age bracket. This gives the youth a sense of power, positively influencing them.Although Hip Hop is prevalent in the African-American community, it is not subject to Just African- Americans. It gives all youth a since of power and touches the lives of everyone, as hip hop is international and does not discriminate. White artists such as Mine, Machine Gun Kelly, Yellow, Mac Miller, even Justine Briber, hold established position in the Hip Hop world. Hip hop is one of the widest genres. Its power is the ability to reach almost everyone, but its reach to the youth is extensive. The power to influence is within the youth; they are the group that is influenced easier.Music is the easiest way to attempt to influence this audience as the majority of the youth watches TV and sites to the radio. Hip hop happens to influence them in this manner, establishing a sense of power and purpose. Everyone likes to be important; Hip Hop allows the youth to feel important. This is a confidence-booster and a push towards success. In the words of Nas in his song entitled l Can, I know I can be what I want be. If I work hard at it Ill be where I want be. This attitude is the message to all youth, work hard and you will achieve. Hip Hop is also a form of communal empowerment.It has helped this nation come together and break the barriers of race and class; hip hop accepts everyone. In his book entitled Hip Hop Matters, Craig Watkins states that for much of its history hip hop has defied the racial and class boundaries that shape life in America (85). He uses rapper Mine as an example. He goes on to say that, deeply rooted in Amines appeal to the disadvantaged and perceived racial differences impoverished communities share important interests (92). Hip Hop is not defined by a color; it is a genre that everyone can relate to. Without Hip Hop, there is a possibility that racial tension would rise.Much of Hip Hop discusses the struggle, which is a common ground for everyone. A common ground goes a long way. Without Hip Hop, there is a possibility that racial tension would rise. Much of the genre discusses the struggle, which is a common ground for everyone. A common ground goes a long way. Hip Hop has improved race relations and brought the youth of today together. Although there are many positives of Hip Hop, there are a few negatives. In her article entitled Researcher cites negative influences of hip-hop, Kathy Sangria of the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette writes, Whats changed over time is the greater equalization of hip-hop.Initially, it started off as a evolutionary form of music. Now, large corporations produce images that sell, and there is a blatant link between hip-hop and pornography (par. 6). Hip Hop has created a negative image in the eyes of many and the youth of today follows its example from equalization, to language and drug use. Although there are various negative images, the many aspects of Hip-Hop are all laid out, but what is picked up is left up to the individual. Overall, Hip Hop influences many people greatly, either positively or negatively. Its purpose and relayed messages speak to the youth of today.