Modernism in the Old Man the Sea - 3759 Words

Modernism in Earnest Hemingway’s Literature â€Å"The Old Man and the Sea† Introduction: 1. The definition of Modernism 2. The definition of Realism 3. The definition of terms 4. The significance of the study Chapter one: 1. The theory of Modernism 2.1. Stream of consciousness 2.2. Internal monologue 2. Realism as a literary technique 3.3. Internal realism Chapter two: 1. the implication of American modernism through the main characters â€Å"Santiago† †¦ 2. The implication of stream of consciousness through the main characters †¦ 2.1. the implication of internal monologue through the main characters 3. The relationship between Santiago and Nature 3.1. Earnest’s†¦show more content†¦In philosophy, the rationalist, materialist and positivist movements established a primacy of reason and system. Modernism as a literary movement reached its height in Europe between 1900 and the mid1920s.‘Modernist’ literature addressed aesthetic problems similar to those examined in non-literary forms of contemporaneous Modernist art, such as painting. The general thematic concerns of Modernist literature are well-summarized by the sociologist Georg Simmel: â€Å"The deepest problems of modern life derive from the claim of the individual to preserve the autonomy and individuality of his existence in the face of overwhelming social forces, of historical heritage, of external culture, and of the technique of life†. The Modernist emphasis on radical individualism can be seen in the many literary manifestos issued by various groups within the movement. The Explosion of Modernism: 1910-1930: On the eve of World War I, a growing tension and , unease with the social order, manifested itself in artistic works in every medium which radically simplified or rejected previous practice. These developments began to give a new meaning to what was termed Modernism‘: it embraced disruption, rejecting or moving beyond simple Realism in literature and art. The Great War of 1914-18 marks a fundamental break between the old world and the new. The experience of the war shattered people’s faith in society and its institutions. People were horrified by the effects of war and mechanized societyShow MoreRelatedModernism Defined in T.S. Eliots The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock and James Joyces The Dead1506 Words   |  7 PagesModernism is by no means easy to define. In fact, no one is exactly sure if the movement has even ended yet. But that’s befitting of the period, as well as the pieces of literature that serve to define Modernism. Two pieces, T.S. Eliot’s â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† and James Joyce’s â€Å"The Dead†, are epitomes of this modernism. In both, the main characters are paralyzed by an inability to communicate, even while speaking. Whether through Prufrock’s musings concerning love life, or Gabriel’sRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of The Love Song Of J. Alfre d Prufrock Essay1336 Words   |  6 PagesA Literary Analysis of T.S. Eliot’s â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† T.S. Eliot was one among few poets and authors that dominated the years between the First and Second World Wars. Eliot showed his use of modernism techniques through â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock†, creating a powerful reputation around the world, particularly as a member of The Lost Generation in the 1920s. Eliot moved to and settled in London where he worked with famous poets including Ezra Pound, and published hisRead MoreThe Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock by T.S. Eliot Essay914 Words   |  4 PagesLove Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† draws attention to the idea that time is of the essence. On the surface, Prufrock is portrayed as a man who is incapable of making decisions and lacks self-confidence. This is evident through his passive nature, where he continuously delays having to talk to women because he believes there is enough time. Written in the era of modernism, the reader is capable of unraveling that the poem’s true purpose was not only to sh ow Prufrock’s inability to make decisions whenRead MoreErnest Hemingway s The Lost Generation885 Words   |  4 PagesGeneration† this name arose post-World War 1. The modernist movement was a drastic change in numerous things such as art and literature. Ernest contributed much to this movement with his literary works. World War 1 played a major role in not only modernism, but also Hemingway’s writing. Ernest Miller Hemingway was a modernist writer who took his experiences from World War 1 and turned it into famous works of literature. Ernest Miller Hemingway was born on July 21,1899 in Cicero, Illinois, which isRead More`` The Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock, And Nick From Hemmingway s Big Two Hearted River1038 Words   |  5 PagesHemingway both captured the essence of the modern man during a time in history that the world was changing with the characters they created and the symbols used. â€Å"Modernism† was the name given to different styles of literature and art after World War I. This war was so horrific that many of the writers used their own experiences when creating their stories and poems. T.S. Eliot and Ernest Hemingway both created characters that embody the â€Å"modern man† in two different, but similar ways. J. AlfredRead MoreOf Mice And Men Modernism1619 Words   |  7 Pagesimportant figure of the Modernist literary period; known for his observations of human conditions during the Dust Bowl era, mainly his book Of Mice and Men which truly takes a detailed look at the Great Dep ression in America, and is a great example of Modernism. John Ernst Steinbeck was born in 1902 in Salinas, California. Steinbeck was the only son to John Ernst Steinbeck Sr. and Olive Hamilton. His father was an accountant while his mother leaned more towards the arts, which Steinbeck would follow.Read MoreThemes in Samuel Becketts Waiting for Godot985 Words   |  4 PagesBeckett’s works are, the search of self, the absurdity of man in the world, the dedication to artistic failure, the erosive force of time, the bankruptcy of the western cultural tradition, the encroachment of nothingness on being, the treacherous slippage of language, the wavering eye of hovering object etc. Waiting for Godot, considered universally a masterpiece and a contemporary classic was written in 1948, the period of high modernism. Translated into over a dozen languages, it has beenRead MoreCompare And Contrast The Modern Man And Ernest Hemingway882 Words   |  4 PagesTimes were changing in the 1900’s, Modernism was taking off and both men and woman were conforming and adapting to the new life. Hemingway and Elliot both had very distinct ideas about what the â€Å"modern† man, who he was and what he stood for. Ernest Hemingway was an outstanding American 20th century award winning novelist, military man and was most famous for his stories â€Å"A Farwell to Arms† and â€Å"The Old Man and the Sea†. Hemingway was an amazing writer and served during WWI, however, his depressionRead MoreHeart Of Darkness Critical Analysis1409 Words   |  6 Pagesthe author: Joseph Conrad was an orphan by 12 years old. His parents died as a result spent in exile in Siberia. He began his first job at the age of 17, being a sailor. He eventually began to sail British ships and became a British citizen. He enjoyed writing stories while he sailed and made money that he used to take care of his kids and ill wife with. Information about the literary period: The literary period was early modernism. Modernism refers to the forms, concepts, and style of literatureRead More Modernism Essay examples3205 Words   |  13 PagesModernism Modernism is defined in Merriam-Websters Dictionary as a self-conscious break with the past and a search for new forms of expression. While this explanation does relate what modernism means, the intricacies of the term go much deeper. Modernism began around 1890 and waned around 1922. Virginia Wolf once wrote, In or about December, 1910, human character changed. (Hurt and Wilkie 1443). D.H. Lawrence wrote a similar statement about 1915: It was 1915 the old world ended. (Hurt

The Second Amendment and Stand Your Ground - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 791 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/03/20 Category Law Essay Level High school Tags: Gun Control Essay Second Amendment Essay Did you like this example? The Second Amendment was added to the Constitution with its ratification of the Bill of Rights 1791. It states: A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed. **At this time, our founding fathers were setting up the United States and creating our Constitution. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Second Amendment and Stand Your Ground" essay for you Create order In the United States there were two major groups of power: Federalists and Anti-Federalists. The Federalists aspired to have a strong central government. The Anti-Federalists†fearing monarchy and tyranny† desired strong state governments of the individual thirteen states. This dispute progressed into the United States military: would we have a powerful army needed to protect from foreign attacks as the Federalists urged for, or, would the Anti-Federalists idea of state militias be the answer. Because of the oppression from the British army both before and during the Revolution, Anti-Federalists were concerned with the idea of one large military force. At this time in 1775, gun ownership was already well-established; however, guns were used to protect the United States from a dictatorship, as well as keeping power over colonists slaves. Southern militias were less worried about protecting themselves against an oppressive military, and more concerned with making sure their slaves knewthat they could not leave. If they tried to leave, they would be shot. Guns were also used to prevent rebellions against slave-owners. It was necessary to keep in mind the Federalists, Anti-Federalists, Northern Militia, and Southern Militia, when drafting the Second Amendment. Because the Constitution established a Federal army, the Second Amendment was created as a compromise in hopes to prevent the Federalists army from rebellion against the government. The Second Amendment was made to releive tension between the states and Federal government. Unlike the hotly debate of the Second Amendments right to bear arms, during this time it was used to enable citizens to be part of a collective militia that would avert the use of the nations military at home. With the country growing, contrasting opinions and perceptions arose about the Second Amendment. The right to gun ownership†beyond the context of military use† was established in the Supreme Court cases District of Columbia v. Dick Anthony Heller. This case was a landmark case for gun-owners in the United States. Heller, A D.C. police officer, applied and was ultimately denied a permit to carry a handgun with him at home. The Supreme Court ruled that this was in violation of his Second Amendment rights, and the ruling was overturned. Scalia, who wrote the majority opinion explained: the Second Amendment Guaranteed an individual right to possess and carry weapons in case of confrontation***. In this case, the court placed limits on firearm propriety for convicted felons, school campuses, as well as governmental buildings. This standing diverged from legal precedent, which is one of the reasons Hellers case is so monumental when it comes to gun rights. Stand Your Ground Laws are the legal validation of using self-defense to protect oneself from a threat, and using deadly force if necessary. Stand Your Ground Laws originate from the Castle Doctrine, which names a persons residency their castle. According to the Castle Doctrine, a vulnerable person has no duty to retreat from his home, as they did in English Common Law. Now-a-days, a persons castle extends from not only there home, but someones hotel room, garage, car, and workplace. In the 2000s, with the help of the National Rifle Association and the American Legal Exchange Council, Stand Your Ground Laws were expanded in the South. Floridas Stand Your Ground Laws have been noted as some of the harshest. In 2005, Governor Jeb Bush passed the Stand Your Ground Law, basically exempting then from prosecution, as long as he can prove that the use of weapon was needed to prevent death. Even more despicably, in some states, Stand Your Ground Laws require prosecution to prove that the individual who was threatened was not in the right for defending their property. According to Giffords Law Center, thirty-three states have enacted and interpreted their own Stand Your Ground policies. In 1895, the Supreme Court case Beard v. United Statesstated that an individual who is threatened on his own premises but has not provoked the assault or potential assault is not obliged to retreat, nor to consider whether he could safely retreat, but is entitled to stand his ground**. This case is precedent for the Castle Doctrine. The success of Stand Your Ground Laws in preventing acts of violent crime is hard to calculate. It is difficu lt to name Stand Your Ground Laws as the sole reason from decrease in crime, as demographic shifts, the imposition of harsher sentencing rules, or improving economic conditions all have contributed as well.

Italys Economy Of Italy - 1733 Words

Italy’s Economy Today Italy has the ninth largest economy in the world (â€Å"Economic Forecasts†). This beautiful place is located in the European zone, and its capital is Rome. I have never traveled outside of the United States, and I would love to travel to Europe and explore Italy. As a result, I researched about the economy of Italy. I gathered that it has a stable economy due to the manufacturing and industrial sectors, but it has had some complications in the past years. I also researched about its GDP and retirement plans. First off, Italy relies primarily in the service sector. This is the best way of increasing its economy. The service sector consists of almost three-fourths of Italy’s total GDP (â€Å"Economic Forecasts†). It makes up†¦show more content†¦The tourists spend money on beautiful hotels, shops, restaurants, and much more. Italy’s landscape brings in millions of tourists that increase Italy’s GDP. This all leaves Italy a little wealthier and increases the country’s economy. Around forty million tourists visit Italy yearly, making tourism a great contributor to Italy’s economy (â€Å"Maurizio Russo: Exclusively†). Some of the most toured places are Venice, Genoa, and Rome. Italy is well known for these wonderful places, and they bring in the greatest profit from the tourists. Tourism brings in over thirty billion euros to Italy’s economy, and produces over one million jobs (Pike). Since Italy is such a beautiful country, tou rism is a huge economic factor and contributor. On the other hand, Italy’s economy relays secondly on the industry sector. The manufacturing sector within the industry sector makes up for the other one-fourth of Italy’s total GDP (â€Å"Economic Forecasts†). Twenty-five percent of Italy’s economy is made up of producing manufactured goods (â€Å"Economic Forecasts†). These goods are a main contributor, and they make up a big portion of Italy’s GDP. The economy of Italy is conformed of different size firms, and ninety-three percent are family-owned (Pike). The small and medium firms specialize in a particular part of production. Italy also has large industries that contribute to its economy, and these industries

Illiteracy Among African Americans Essay - 1577 Words

Running Head: Illiteracy among African Americans Illiteracy among African Americans LaKisha Heard Marygrove College Abstract The high rate of illiteracy is a major problem in the United States. Although there have been programs and initiatives started to eradicate this problem, illiteracy still plagues millions of Americans. Out of all ethnic groups, African Americans have a higher illiteracy rate. Within this project, the causes of illiteracy are revealed and viable solutions to this on-going problem will be discussed. Illiteracy Among African-Americans African-American adults do not have the ability or proper skills to read, write, or speak English correctly. African-Americans have the lowest level of literacy rates in†¦show more content†¦These African Americans with low income rates are also receiving help from the government. African American illiteracy is common because researchers feel; this ability is from cognitive and physical effects of age. Researchers feel African American are not expand to assessments of printed material written. African Americans proficiencies results showed t hirty-eight percent of them scored high on there examine. The United States has specialized a program in the schools, recreation centers, and after school programs from literacy. African Americans with illiteracy receive basic skills courses to enhance their reading, writing, and English skills. The African American programs illiteracy that supports the group by designing fundamental speaking and educational classes. These classes will better prepare and motivate African American to get their GED and workforce training. African Americans have the most students of 76% or more enrolled in these classes for illiteracy. African Americans also have outreach programs for illiteracy throughout the region. African American regions are processing new strategies for people below average functioning under level number one literacy. There are state officials, business leaders, and human resources who promote assessment class to determine the adequate needs for African Americans needing m ore help with illiteracy. The AfricanShow MoreRelatedThe Issue and History of Illiteracy Among African Americans1510 Words   |  7 PagesHistory Of Illiteracy Among African Americans Becca White Writing 123 Instructor Sydney Darby 27 May 2008 Illiteracy is a growing issue in America. The U.S. Department of Education funded the National Adult Literacy Survey (NALS) in 1992 that estimates over 90 million Americans fall well below an eight grade literacy level (Rome, 2004, pp. 84). Nowhere is this tragedy more prevalent than among the impoverished African Americans. Illiteracy has always been higher among African Americans now theRead MoreCorrelation Between Parental Literacy And Literacy1349 Words   |  6 PagesIntergenerational literacy refers to the cycle of low literacy that exists in families. This paper will examine intergenerational illiteracy and programs that increase family literacy while decreasing high school dropout. To answer the question; Does intergenerational illiteracy affect educational achievement and what can be done to decrease intergenerational illiteracy and increase literacy education levels? This paper will analyze research that shows the connection between parental literacy andRead MoreHealth Promotion Among Black or African Population Gcu1095 Words   |  5 PagesHealth Promotion Among Black or African American Population [Your Name] Grand Canyon University: Family-Centered Health Promotion(NRS-429V) January 10, 2016  Health Promotion Among Black or African American Population The Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] (2015) notes that â€Å"Starting in 1997, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) requires federal agencies to use a minimum of five race categories: White, Black or African American, American Indian or Alaska NativeRead MoreEssay on Strom Thurmond1063 Words   |  5 Pageswas able to defeat 10 other candidates. Strom Thurmond has been a strong personal influence on Southern politics. His influence can be seen through; his early work on the Edgefield school board, his efforts to somewhat improve conditions for African Americans, the Dixiecrat, his victory as a write in candidate for the U.S. Senate, his record setting 1957 filibuster, his switch to the Republican Party, his support of Richard Nixon, his influence on Clarence Thomas appointment to the supreme courtRead MoreAmerican Dream or American Scream? Essay1273 Words   |  6 Pagesand amber waves of grain. From one shining sea to another lies this relatively adolescent country. An â€Å"unestablished† land until very recently, the United States of America was adopted and cultured like one of Brangelina’s children. In crept the â€Å"American Dream†, laced with its fierce politics and even fiercer religious perspectives, simultaneously providing its citizens the fire and passion that drives all, if not many cult ures. And, with such a rapid development of diversity in such a short amountRead MoreEssay on Social Aspect of Substance Abuse1001 Words   |  5 Pagesaddiction is often defined as an illness not just of the individual but of the whole family. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)’s 2002 National Survey on Drug Use and Health revealed that an estimated 22 million Americans age 12 or older suffered from substance dependence or abuse due to alcohol, illicit drugs or both. There are many different social aspects for drug use and it presents a challenge to the stability and influence of any family. Wormer Davis (2010)Read MoreEveryday Use By Alice Walker966 Words   |  4 Pagesreading and writing have become normal acts and a basic needs. A large number of children have been enrolled into schools as a basic requirement. In this context however, ability to read and write symbolizes power. The setting is that of black Americans among whites. Reading and writing was a reserve of the whites. The narrator dropped out in second grade and does not know how to read or write. She also says they could not ask why their school closed; showing a lack of power. Dee seems to possess aRead MoreVaccination Crisis And Controversies Of Africa1620 Words   |  7 PagesMarin Lucio Mare October 18, 2017 Midterm Report: â€Å"Vaccination Crisis and Controversies in Africa† The Africa past colonial, past aftereffects, and its evils like malnutrition, illiteracy, war and the refusal of a part of the population in the developed countries especially in America to let American children get vaccinated raised the problem of vaccination especially in a bruised population in Africa. The current problem is whether to suspend vaccination campaigns or to continue the vaccinationRead MoreThe Effects Of Racial Discrimination On Brazil s Situation By Disproving The Idea That It Is A Racial Democracy1603 Words   |  7 PagesBrazil as a ‘racial democracy’. A country that escaped racism and racial discrimination due to its unique miscegenation between the three races present at the time: Portuguese, African slaves and indigenous people. Where, as a member of this ‘racially democratic’ society, I would supposedly be treated the same way as say, african-brazilians, descendants of Italians, or native brazilians. However, by living in, growing u p in, and experiencing Brazil’s culture, I can definitely state that this is but aRead MoreWashington vs. Du Bois Dbq1362 Words   |  6 Pagesmore effective and appropriate proposition for the time whereas Du Boiss approach is precedent to movements in the future. Both have equal influence over African Americans in politics. Washingtons proposal excels in reference to education while Du Bois can be noted for achieving true respect from white Americans. Du Bois urged African Americans to involve themselves in politics. Gaining this power would be essential to immediate beseeching of rights. Political association would prevent blacks from

12 Step Free Essays

12-Step/Mutual Support Group Meeting Directions and Requirements Read Chapter 10 in advance of attending the meeting. 1. Students should choose the type of meeting they wish to attend: Alcoholics Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous, Overeaters Anonymous, Reformers Unanimous etc. We will write a custom essay sample on 12 Step or any similar topic only for you Order Now Look in Chapter 10 for a list of others. Often these meetings are held at churches, shelters, and helping agencies. They are offered at various times of the day and multiple times each week. Rocky Mount has some really great AA and NA groups but you may attend anywhere you choose. 2. Go online for a meeting schedule for your area. Google the meeting type and then your county/town for a full listing. 3. Choose an OPEN (O) or Open Speaker (OS or Sp) meeting to attend. Do NOT attend a CLOSED meeting as they are for members only. 4. Do NOT take notes or attempt in any way to record the meeting; you are there to observe. Taking notes has the potential to violate the anonymous nature of these group fellowships. Recording the meeting is a violation of privacy and law! 5. Be respectful by identifying yourself by first name only and as a visitor or by saying you are there to learn about the program if asked. . You are there to OBSERVE, so do not attempt to interview members of the fellowship. Attend the meeting and experience what the members offer through sharing. Stay for the entire meeting. 7. ————————————————- After the meeting, privately jot down some immediate thoughts and reactions to what you observed and learned. Use first names ONLY if you recount a members story. ————————————————- ————————————————- These meetings usually have light refreshments (coffee, cookies, etc. . Also, many of the fellowships are self-supporting, so a basket may be passed around at the end of the meeting to collect $1 from members. You may contribute $1 if you choose to, but you are not expected to do so since you are not a member. Simply pass the basket to the next person. Out of respect for the meeting process, please avoid getting up or moving around during the meeting (as in going to the bathroom, etc). Although I think the experience is more meaningful when students attend alone, you may elect to go with one nother person. Please do not attend in small groups which will only dra w attention to yourselves and create a spectacle. At all times be mindful that you are entering a safe and sacred space for those who suffer from addiction. Meetings often begin and end with a prayer. If you are not comfortable joining in the group prayer, feel free to simply remain silent. In preparing the paper for submission you will need to address the following: 1. What were your thoughts, feelings, preconceived notions prior to attending the meeting. 2. Describe the demographics of the fellowship: race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), gender, age, etc. 3. Describe the atmosphere of the fellowship, the meeting dynamics, and the group norms. How did the meeting progress? 4. Detail what you learned about those with chemical dependency, addiction, yourself, and your community through this event. What surprised you or impressed you? 5. How will your work as a social work practitioner or human service worker be impacted by what you have learned about 12-Step / Mutual Support Groups? Required: TNR 12 font, in-text references from the textbook with a reference page, and 4-6 pages of reflection and analysis tying back the experience of the meeting with the learning from the textbook and course. Upload the file in the DF in Moodle or email the Word document as an attachment through the student email account before the deadline. Late Policy applies to this assignment, so please submit it before the due date and time to insure the most points possible! Consult Moodle and the Course Outline for the deadline. How to cite 12 Step, Papers

Espionage In Wwii Essay Example For Students

Espionage In Wwii Essay Many of us can remember playing childhood games when we were younger. One of my personal favorites was hide and seek. My favorite part of the game was when I was hiding and tried to watch where the seeker looked while he or she searched. Of course I could have been caught, but it wasnt a big deal at the time. What would happen though if the seeker didnt know who he was looking for, but knew someone was hiding? How would he go about finding the person? Further more how much more could the person accomplish if they were hiding right in front of them, but the seeker did not know? Well it may sound a little off, but that was basically the game of espionage. Spies would try to conceal themselves by gathering information at the same time. During times of war it was critical to keep your movements, plans, and technology secret so that enemies could not be prepared or be one-step ahead. Therefore spies would be a very influential on outcomes of wars. One of the wars that the USA needed espio nage help was in WWII. Not only did they need to get information but have counter intelligence to keep secrets away from Germany and their allies. Espionage helped the US during WWII in the defeat of Germany and their allies. Spies during WWII were intended to provide the basis for an accurate assessment of other nations intentions and military capabilities. Richelson, 103 In such a war a successful surprise attack could leave a victim staggered and ready for a knockout blow. 103 That meant it was critical for the USA to stop espionage from telling their moves and having their spies tell them about the planned attacks of the Axis Powers. This would help the USA to pull off critical assaults on Germany such as D-Day. But before the beginning of the end of the war came many other obstacles to be overcome by the US. At the beginning of the war all the major combatants had a place in code breaking establishments, all of which would experience explosive growth during the war. 173 These agencies would then go on to provide critical information during the war to provide information needed to combat the Axis. One of the most important needs for espionage was in the deciphering of the ENIGMA. 176 This was used to code and decode German messages sent and received between commanders and such. 176 It was very hard to decipher the ENIGMA because of the way it was set up. 176 What made it so difficult to decipher was the process by which a letter in an original message was transformed into a different one for the transmitted message. 176 The process involved, among other things, three motors in each machine that were chosen from a set of five. 176 Each of them had twenty-six settings, and a plugboard, which connected the keyboard letters to the lampboard letters. 176 For example the first time the L key was pressed a B might light up, but because the rotors turned further entries of L on the board would not produce another B but rather other letters. 176 US intelligence along with help from other countries was eventually able to make a duplicate machine that would help them in decoding messages . 177 Without help from espionage in this instance the US and their allies would be susceptible to unknown attacks and movements of armies without having a chance to prepare for it. Here to the use of American Espionage was evident in the fight against its oppressors. Without proper deciphering of messages the battles could have been altered for the side of the Axis. One particular instance in which the US used intelligence to gain an advantage when going to be attacked was the battle of Midway. The US intercepted an encrypted message from a Japanese Admiral and revealed the date in which the attacks were scheduled. O’Toole, 388 Therefore the US was able to have a task force waiting for the Japanese when they arrived. 389 It was said that Midway marked the turning point of the war for the pacific. 389 Again the use of Espionage provided huge results for American’s throughout the war with the Axis. Another importance of espionage in the war was that the Axis powers didn’t know that the Allies intercepted their communications. 392 Also, the British intercepted many messages that were given to the US as well. 392 The agreement they came upon to share intelligence was called the BRUSA. 392 This actually helped join the espionage together to use personnel along with technology of each other together with providing security for the operations. 392 Again the intelligence agencies of the USA helped them in winning the war by combining efforts with their allies. The Sequel to The Great Gatsby EssayThroughout many different other battles the US had information on various military movements of the Axis because of the share of there information with the British. O’Toole, 392 British intelligence had some information the US did not have against the Axis which proved very useful against their enemies. 393 British intelligence became of much use to the US throughout the world war and they intern continue to give there espionage information to them as well. This boded for a greater advancement in espionage because each of the countries best combined for great possibilities in that field. 395 Again, when USA intelligence ran into some trouble they continue to help with their efforts in winning the war by sharing and receiving information from the British. Perhaps the greatest contributions of the espionage in the USA were when the assault on D-Day took place. A plan finally arose after many days of scheming. Richelson, 154 It was called JEDBURGH. 154 The plan basically took many three manned teams that would infiltrate the area once the invasion began and started to gather intelligence, while others linked up with the masquisards. 154 They then continued to tell of German military movements, decipher intercepted messages and told airplanes where to drop the weapons that were needed to upend the German defense plans. 154 Additional sabotage operations forced Germans to communicate by radio and they became easier to intercept and decipher. 155 Espionage was needed to make this monumental assault a success for the Allies. During the war, the spies continued there hiding, while the Germans began to seek them. Americans came out with the upper end in the war. Espionage helped prepare defenses, win battles, and warn other allied powers of attacks of the Axis. On all accounts it seems that the USA could not have won the war without the help of their Espionage. Whether it be deciphering messages, recording military movements, or finding other spies, American espionage played a major role in the defeat of Germany and their allies during World War II. American Espionage stood up to the dangers that a soldier faced in battle and did not back down when their country needed them, even if it meant dying to keep a secret. BibliographyBIBLIOGRAPHYRichelson, Jeffrey. A Century of Spies Intelligence in the Twentieth Century. Oxford University Press, 1995. O’Toole, G. J. A. Honorable Treachery A History of U.S. Intelligence, Espionage, and Covert Action From the American Revolution to the CIA. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1991. Volkman, Ernest. Espionage The greatest Spy Operations of the 20th Century. John Wiley; Sons, Inc., 1995. Johnson, Loch K. Secret Agencies. Yale University, 1996. History Essays

Expectations for the rest of the play Essay Example For Students

Expectations for the rest of the play Essay The opening scene of this play is very cleverly written by Priestley, it sets the scene for the rest of the play and drops subtle hints throughout of what may happen later on in the plot. We watch this play in hindsight, because it was shown for the first time in 1946, but was set in 1912, which is something to bare in mind while looking at dramatic techniques, such as irony. In this essay Im going to explore Priestleys dramatic methods in the opening scene of the play, right up to when Edna introduces Inspector Goole. I am going to try and see how Priestley shapes the audiences expectations for the rest of the play, and in particular reference to characterisation, plot and social/political themes. I will be trying to analyse the effects of dramatic devises and structures, I will be looking at the layers of meaning expressed in language, ideas and themes. I will try to reflect on the effects of character and action and discuss the social and historical context. By looking at all the dramatic methods used in the first scene I should be able to do this. What the set is like determines the audiences expectations for the rest of the play. We can look at the stage directions right at the start (and although the audience couldnt see it in writing, they would still be able to see it on stage), because this helps us see what the familys house is like at the start, and there fore give us an insight to what the world around the out side of the characters is like and their relationship with it. For example Priestley describes the house as not cosy and homelike which shows that they would rather have a house which looks good on the outside, rather than one which is homelike and nice inside. Which is typical of Mr. Birling. It shows how they prefer to have an air of outward respectability showing us a lot about their personalities and it has an element of irony to it, they are trying to be respectable and keep out of trouble when they are later going to be questioned by an Inspector. Another dramatic method used is the use of sound and lighting effects. The lighting throughout the play is a very strong way of telling what the mood at the time is like. Priestley uses it well when the Inspector has just arrived and Mr. Birling asks Edna if she would Give us some more light. When this is said it has two meanings. One being let there be light on the stage, and the other being let the inspector enlighten us with what he has to say. Another example of how the lighting and the inspector arriving are linked is in the stage directions, just before the play; The lighting should be pink and intimate until the Inspector arrives, and then it should be brighter and harder. The pink intimate light is seen as being a perfect family light showing happiness, and the brighter harder light is more interrogating. This again shows how Priestley makes the inspector seem tough, and he brings a more harsh light upon the peaceful family. Sound effects are not used extensively but when they are they are used they still give hints to what will happen in the play and how the audience should feel. At the end of the section that we are studying, when the inspector calls, the stage directions say the sharp ring of a doorbell This gives you the feeling of cruelty where it says, sharp particularly, because this gives the idea of the inspector being harsh. .ua05aa87184be8524790d65af3ae74f8d , .ua05aa87184be8524790d65af3ae74f8d .postImageUrl , .ua05aa87184be8524790d65af3ae74f8d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua05aa87184be8524790d65af3ae74f8d , .ua05aa87184be8524790d65af3ae74f8d:hover , .ua05aa87184be8524790d65af3ae74f8d:visited , .ua05aa87184be8524790d65af3ae74f8d:active { border:0!important; } .ua05aa87184be8524790d65af3ae74f8d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua05aa87184be8524790d65af3ae74f8d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua05aa87184be8524790d65af3ae74f8d:active , .ua05aa87184be8524790d65af3ae74f8d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua05aa87184be8524790d65af3ae74f8d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua05aa87184be8524790d65af3ae74f8d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua05aa87184be8524790d65af3ae74f8d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua05aa87184be8524790d65af3ae74f8d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua05aa87184be8524790d65af3ae74f8d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua05aa87184be8524790d65af3ae74f8d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua05aa87184be8524790d65af3ae74f8d .ua05aa87184be8524790d65af3ae74f8d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua05aa87184be8524790d65af3ae74f8d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The book of Saladin EssayThe short ring that he gives shows that he doesnt have a lot of time and he is there to do business and wants to get straight to the point. It gives him and air of being in charge and this is exactly the character, which Priestley is trying to portray in him. The bell, which is heard and disrupts Mr. Birling, is similar to that of the inspector who often interrupts Mr. Birling. Priestly helps the audience look forward into the rest of the play, by giving them ideas of what characters are like. And example is when the family is sitting around the dinning table celebrating and Sheila brings up the fact that Eric has drunk rather a lot and says, Youre squiffy; this is a hint about Erics drinking problem, which develops later into the play. His drinking problems play a big part in the plot of the play, and peoples opinions on him, as his drinking problems may of caused the death of Eva Smith. There fore the way Priestly uses prophecy and visions in the play helps us to get an understanding, and is very important at the beginning of the play. We also see at the start that Priestley sets the scene for the characters relationships at the start of the play. Just from reading the first few pages, we can see how certain characters are going to treat each other and talk to each other. For example right at the start, when the doorbell has just rang, and Eric has entered the room again, Mr. Birling is talking to Gerald who says; only something we were talking about when you were out. A joke really and Eric replies uneasily Well, I dont think its very funny. This shows a lot about the interactions between these three men. We can see how Gerald looks down on Eric, and how this makes Eric feel insecure at times. Also I think that the audience can see as well as Eric can that Gerald had a better relationship with his father than he actually does, this again would make Eric feel insecure and uneasy about his relationships with his father and also Gerald. Mr Birling treats and talk to Eric in a very patronising manner, and later on this leads to tension between the two, which is one of the factors that shows us how little the bond is between them, and as the play goes on you see them drift further and further apart from each other. Eric mainly feels excluded from the social interactions that go on between Gerald and Mr. Birling. This does eventually lead to a rift between Mr Birling and Eric, which we see later in the play lead him to turn on his father at points. Within the main plot around Eva Smith and the fake suicide (as well as in the opening) we can gain a lot of insight to what the life was like socially and economically in 1912 (which is when the play is set). We learn how the Birlings become adrift from the rest of the community, and this is a lesson, which the inspector is trying to teach them (about community involvement), and the importance of how Mr Birling became very self centred, leading to a lack of responsibility, which is seen well in the quote: youd think everybody has to look after everybody else, as if we were all mixed up together like bees in a hive community and all that nonsense. This is ironic as their involvement within the community or lack of it is the main theme throughout the play, but they do not yet know this. .ub3d3aeb5352d7a28f845f8c4e54c6e9a , .ub3d3aeb5352d7a28f845f8c4e54c6e9a .postImageUrl , .ub3d3aeb5352d7a28f845f8c4e54c6e9a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub3d3aeb5352d7a28f845f8c4e54c6e9a , .ub3d3aeb5352d7a28f845f8c4e54c6e9a:hover , .ub3d3aeb5352d7a28f845f8c4e54c6e9a:visited , .ub3d3aeb5352d7a28f845f8c4e54c6e9a:active { border:0!important; } .ub3d3aeb5352d7a28f845f8c4e54c6e9a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub3d3aeb5352d7a28f845f8c4e54c6e9a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub3d3aeb5352d7a28f845f8c4e54c6e9a:active , .ub3d3aeb5352d7a28f845f8c4e54c6e9a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub3d3aeb5352d7a28f845f8c4e54c6e9a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub3d3aeb5352d7a28f845f8c4e54c6e9a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub3d3aeb5352d7a28f845f8c4e54c6e9a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub3d3aeb5352d7a28f845f8c4e54c6e9a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub3d3aeb5352d7a28f845f8c4e54c6e9a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub3d3aeb5352d7a28f845f8c4e54c6e9a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub3d3aeb5352d7a28f845f8c4e54c6e9a .ub3d3aeb5352d7a28f845f8c4e54c6e9a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub3d3aeb5352d7a28f845f8c4e54c6e9a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Around the World in Eighty Days EssayMr Birling often adopts and takes up the ideas of capitalism, looking after his concerns and no one else, higher prices, lower wages, this shows Mr Birling as the typical factory owner who is only bothered about the money he makes and not about his workers, this also helps us to see how Mr Birling is seeing the engagement as a great business opportunity. Capitalism was the most established way of life in 1912, (although Priestly was a socialist) the time the play was set. Where as when it was actually shown in 1944 the new political ideas were socialist ones, where workers received a share of the profit, which the company had made. I think that Priestley would have had this view, and he uses the inspector to get his point across, as I think this is the view he tries to show the inspector as having. We can see the evidence that Mr. Birling is a capitalist throughout the play but it is reinforced when he talks about Russia (which was a socialist country), which he criticises about being behind the times. The most powerful dramatic method Priestley uses dramatic irony which is just irony that occurs when the meaning of the situation is understood by the audience but not by the characters in the play. Writers use this technique to highlight their message to the audience; Priestley uses it throughout Act I to convey an idea of the characters. An example of this is when Mr. Birling is sitting around the dinner table with his family and he starts to mention the possibility of a war: youll hear some people say that wars inevitable. And to that I say fiddlesticks! This is a good example of dramatic irony, because the audience would know that they are talking about world war one, and know that world war one would happen, but they dont so at this point they are absolutely oblivious. It also shows Mr. Birlings arrogant attitude, he thinks that he knows best and what he has been told will always be right. The dramatic irony helps the audience to see how arrogant Mr. Birling is, as they know he is completely wrong, but still completely unwilling to listen to any other suggestions. It makes them see him as a man who doesnt look far enough ahead and is far too self-opinionated.